Kiln Furniture

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No.92 Jianshe West Road, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, Henan,China.
albert@literefractory.com
+8619937887923

Why Choose Us

Henan Lite Refractory Material Co., Ltd. pays great attention to the combination and perfection of industrial chain and technology. We have a production base covering an area of 20,000 square meters, which ensures perfect quality and superior performance of all products. With a professional construction team of more than 100 people, we are capable of providing our customers with safe, efficient and environmentally friendly total solutions.

Wide Range of Applications
Refractory and Insulation Materials for Industry use are widely used in the following industry, such as Iron & steel making industry, Non-ferrous Metal industry, Building materials industry, Energy & Incineration.

Quality Assurance
We meet the highest quality requirements of ISO 9001, CE, SGS guidelines and our strict quality control system.

Products Sell Well
Our company pays more attention to the construction of service platform, and our business network has covered all provinces and cities in China. Products and services have also been extended to Indonesia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam, Malaysia and Kazakhstan.

Advanced Equipment
We have a fully automatic batching system, fully automatic CNC screw press, 118m fully automatic high temperature tunnel kiln, 165m fully automatic natural gas fired high temperature tunnel kiln, two 1400°C shuttle kilns and four automated production lines.

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What is Kiln Furniture

Kiln furniture are devices and implements inside furnaces used during the heating of manufactured individual pieces, such as pottery or other ceramic or metal components. Kiln furniture is made of refractory materials, i.e., materials that withstand high temperatures without deformation. If you want to know the specifications and prices of Kiln Furniture, please contact us!

Advantages of Kiln Furniture

Very Low Creep Rates
"Creep rate" refers to how quickly a material deforms when subjected to stress at a constant temperature. It is important that kiln furniture has a low creep rate as they are going to be the main thing keeping your ware secure – If they start warping, your kiln build will become increasingly unstable and your ware will become increasingly misshapen. Luckily, our cordierite kiln furniture has extremely low creep rates. Our setters, cranks, batts and support systems can be used for a long-time in a wide range of heat treatment processes working at temperatures up to 1300ºC.
This ensures a continuously good quality firings, significant cost-effectiveness, and that your cordierite kiln furniture has a significantly longer life even when in continuous use.

Resistance to Thermal Shock Cracking
Thermal shock occurs when ceramics are subjected to a sudden change in temperature. The low thermal expansion properties of our cordierite kiln furniture mean that it is extremely resistant to thermal shock cracking, allowing it to be effectively used in applications where rapid heating and cooling is required.

Stability at High Temperatures
In choosing kiln furniture, we understand that manufacturers want to be sure that they can get the most out of the products they choose. This is why we create cordierite kiln furniture that is stable at high temperatures and can be thermally cycled hundreds of times without degradation. This makes our products extremely cost-effective and dramatically reduces how often you'd need to replace your kiln furniture stock.

Low Density
High-density kiln furniture has a high thermal mass, meaning that it consumes quite a bit of energy during each heat treatment cycle. Our cordierite kiln furniture is lightweight and low density, consuming far less energy in every firing and greatly increasing your kiln's energy efficiency.

Types of Kiln Furniture

Cordierite Kiln Furniture
Cordierite is an excellent material for kiln furniture for a number of reasons. Our cordierite kiln furniture is both porous and low density, making it extremely cost-effective for producing supports that can be used in a range of heat treatment processes.
Cordierite also has a very low creep rate, which means it deforms under stress at a much lower rate to other materials. It is also resistant to thermal shock cracking and stable at high temperatures, all of which are essential elements for cost-effective kiln furniture, especially in the manufacturing of sanitaryware and heavy clay products.

Mullite Kiln Furniture
Mullite, also known as porcelainite, is a naturally occurring constituent mineral that forms under high temperatures through the reaction of silica, alumina and magnesia. When used as a material for kiln furniture, it remains strong at high temperatures, resisting bending and breaking under the stress of the load.
Mullite is suitable for temperatures up to 1300 ºC (2372 ºF). For higher temperatures, kiln furniture made from materials such as silicon carbide or alumina may be more suitable.

Silicon Carbide Kiln Furniture
Silicon carbide is extremely resistant to thermal shock, as well as being lightweight with high mechanical strength. It is also suitable for high temperatures (from 1300-1650ºC). We manufacture and supply silicon carbide products in the form of batts and kiln shelves, beams, burner nozzles, adjustable props, tubes, rollers, saggars, setters, heating elements, and in bespoke shapes to suit the needs of your manufacturing process.

Alumina Products
Alumina is a commonly used technical ceramic due to its high mechanical strength and rigidity. We supply a range of alumina products including tiles, alumina tubes, crucibles and boats, ignition trays, stilts, pins and pips, discs and investment casting plugs.

How to Choose Kiln Furniture

Temperature Rating
In the industry, it's common to forgo temperature ranges and instead refer to a material's "cone" rating when referring to its thermal durability within a kiln. The full range of the cone rating system can be confusing. Luckily, kilns typically operate within a cone rating range of 8-11, which equates to 2,212-2,284F. It's important to understand the temperature range you operate under.
Choosing a Cone 8 material like cordierite and firing it at temperatures upward of 2,284F could lead to a failure of the material's durability and a serious snag in your production. Whether you go by cones, Fahrenheit, or Celsius you must choose a material that can withstand your typical heat index.

Ware Weight
The average weight of your product or "ware weight" is important to consider. If you commonly fire heavy products in your kiln, then an extremely sturdy shelf will be needed to avoid excessive wear-and-tear, sagging, or complete breakage.
Cordierite, while lightweight and durable, is best used for lighter fare. Both Alumina materials function well under heavyweight.

Sizing
The length of your shelves, though obvious, is not what we are referring to when we say to consider the sizing of your shelves. Rather, we refer to the thickness of the shelves and the top and bottom spacing. Thinner shelves are easier to manage but will ultimately be more susceptible to thermal wear as well as regular wear-and-tear.
You may even want to consider half shelves if your product supports it; it will give you more room at the expense of a thinner shelf. If your product is heavy and cumbersome then we'd recommend a thicker shelf and fewer shelves overall.

Frequency of Firing
Firing frequency is a big contributor to the shortened lifespan of your shelving if you do not choose a material that can deal with the constant fluctuations in temperature. If you are operating a kiln that is constantly being used, then a material like has a very high thermal shock rating is recommended. Both cordierite and Alumina are great options for a kiln that stays at a steady operating temperature.

Everything You Need to Know About Kiln Shelf Maintenance

Apply Kiln Wash
Mixed kiln wash will resemble a thin white fluid and act, in many ways, like the glaze you put on your ceramics. As we mentioned earlier, it should resemble half in half or skim milk when mixed at the proper ratio.
Once your wash has been mixed, it needs to be applied to your shelves in 2-3 coats. Wash can be applied using a conventional paintbrush, paint roller, or even a paint sprayer. As each coat is applied, allow it to dry before applying the next coat.
As kiln wash is continually fired it will eventually flake off of your shelf, which is why we recommend that you leave a ½" edge on the front of your shelf that is without wash to keep those flakes from adhering to your ceramics.

Kiln Wash Recipe
Many kiln operators will forgo mixing their own recipe and just buy a pre-mixed kiln wash off the shelf. However, for smaller operations, it's entirely possible to mix your own wash. After all, some of us like to roll up our sleeves. This is a basic kiln wash recipe that we recommend for most kilns:
40% kaolin
10% ball clay
50% alumina hydrate
Mix these powders with the same volume of water to create a 50/50 mixture of powder and water. Vigorously mix the solution until it reaches a thin, creamy consistency. From there, apply the kiln wash using a paintbrush, roller, or sprayer.
If you periodically flip your shelves you can skip the ball clay and use a ratio of 10% kaolin and 90% alumina hydrate mixed with the same 50/50 ratio of water. There are many recipes online, some including things like salt soda and other materials that can bolster the thermal properties already inherent in the wash.

Remove Kiln Wash with an Angle Grinder
Like the natural process of glaze run, kiln wash can also build up, flake away, and affect the overall levelness of your shelves as it's fired over and over. Once your kiln wash has become uneven it's time to remove it and re-apply it. The primary means for removing kiln wash is by grinding it away. If you've ever used an angle grinder, then you know it's a great tool for grinding away at a surface. An angle grinder can make quick work of the leftover kiln wash on the surface of your kiln shelves. With some skill, it can also have a surprising degree of accuracy. However, the type of disc you use depends on the amount of kiln wash you're dealing with.

Fiberglass Disc
Fiberglass discs are great for regular use when your primary intention is to remove a small amount of kiln wash from your shelf without actually grinding away at the shelf itself. We recommend these for frequent, light grinding.

Diamond Cup Wheel
Sometimes kiln wash is so pervasive that it requires you to level the entire shelf along with the wash. A diamond cup wheel will make quick work of the kiln wash and grind into the shelf itself, giving you the power to re-level the entire shelf. However, be aware that using such a hard material as a grinding agent can lead to irreversible damage to your shelf if you're too heavy-handed.

Silicon Carbide Cup Wheel
Much like a diamond cup wheel, silicon carbide cup wheels are for heavy-duty grinding and resurfacing of your shelf. In all intents and purposes, a silicon carbide cup wheel is indistinguishable from a diamond cup wheel.

Kiln Wash Vs Kiln Paper
If kiln wash is the nonstick coating on your sauté pan, then kiln paper is the kiln-equivalent to the parchment paper you place on your favorite roasting pan. This analogy works on many layers; just as a non-stick pan coating is more durable than parchment paper, so too is kiln wash when compared to kiln paper.
However, both serve their purposes. Kiln paper is a simple, elegant solution to creating a protective barrier in kilns that fire at a temperature at or below 1,600F. Best of all, they are easily disposed of and re-applied when compared to kiln wash.
While kiln wash is a simpler product it simply does not compete with the high melting point and longevity of kiln wash. To break it down easily; use kiln wash if you need something that stays put for dozens of firings under high heat. Use kiln paper when you have a smaller studio with less frequent firings at low temperatures. One other caveat to mention is that, if applied excessively, kiln wash can ruin your electric kilns so apply it conservatively or use kiln paper.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the kiln used for?

A: Modern kilns are used in ceramics to fire clay and porcelain objects, in metallurgy for roasting iron ores, for burning lime and dolomite, and in making portland cement. They may be lined with firebrick or constructed entirely of heat-resistant alloys.

Q: Why is kiln furniture important?

A: Kiln furniture is important because it ensures the efficient use of kiln space, supports multiple layers of ceramic ware, and prevents pieces from touching each other or the kiln walls, thereby avoiding defects like warping, cracking, or glazing flaws.

Q: What materials are used to make kiln furniture?

A: Kiln furniture is typically made from refractory materials such as cordierite, silicon carbide, mullite, and alumina, which can endure high temperatures without warping, melting, or reacting with the ceramics.

Q: How do I choose the right kiln furniture for my needs?

A: Choosing the right kiln furniture involves considering factors such as the type of ceramics being fired, the firing temperature, the kiln size and configuration, and the weight and size of the ware.

Q: How should kiln furniture be maintained?

A: Kiln furniture should be maintained by regular cleaning to remove glaze drips and residues, inspecting for damage, storing in a dry and cool place, and using kiln wash to prevent glaze drips from sticking.

Q: What is kiln wash, and why is it used?

A: Kiln wash is a protective coating applied to kiln shelves to prevent glaze drips from adhering, making cleanup easier and protecting the shelves from damage.

Q: Can kiln furniture affect the outcome of the firing process?

A: Yes, kiln furniture can affect the outcome of the firing process, as poor-quality furniture or improper arrangement can lead to defects in the ware, while appropriate furniture and arrangement enhance the overall firing result.

Q: Are there different types of kiln furniture for different kilns?

A: Yes, different types of kiln furniture are used for different kilns, with electric kilns often using lighter, more heat-retentive furniture, gas kilns requiring more robust, heat-conductive materials, and wood-fired kilns needing furniture that can withstand ash and varying temperatures.

Q: How does kiln furniture improve the efficiency of the firing process?

A: Kiln furniture improves the efficiency of the firing process by allowing optimal stacking and placement of ceramic ware, maximizing kiln space use, and ensuring even heat distribution.

Q: What are some common issues with kiln furniture and how can they be addressed?

A: Common issues with kiln furniture include cracking or breaking due to thermal shock or overloading, warping from prolonged high temperatures, and glaze drips, which can be addressed by using appropriate materials, avoiding rapid temperature changes, regularly inspecting and replacing warped furniture, and using kiln wash.

Q: Can old or damaged kiln furniture be repaired or reused?

A: Old or damaged kiln furniture can sometimes be repaired by filling small cracks with refractory cement, but severely damaged furniture should be replaced to avoid compromising the firing process.

Q: What innovations are being made in kiln furniture?

A: Innovations in kiln furniture include the development of advanced composite materials for better performance at high temperatures, enhanced designs for improved heat distribution and space utilization, and eco-friendly options that reduce environmental impact through sustainable materials and manufacturing processes.

Q: How hot is kiln furniture?

A: The company rates them for use up to 2336°F (1280°C). SiC is used to make stronger kiln shelves and supports that also withstand higher temperatures. Unfortunately, SiC is also an electrical conductor and thus it can be dangerous if used in electric kilns. SiC also has a higher CTE than cordierite.

As one of the leading kiln furniture manufacturers and suppliers in China, we warmly welcome you to buy high-grade kiln furniture in stock here from our factory. All customized products are with high quality and competitive price. For free sample, contact us now.

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